The IRS Substantial Presence Test determines if you are considered a US resident for tax purposes based on your physical presence in the United States. This tool calculates your status using the 183-day formula.

Enter the number of days you spent in the United States in each of the last 3 years:

This tool provides an estimate only. Consult a qualified tax professional for official tax residency determinations. Days present include any day you were physically present in the US at any time during the day.

How the Substantial Presence Test Works

The IRS Substantial Presence Test uses a weighted formula to determine your US tax residency status. Count all days you were physically present in the US during the current year, plus 1/3 of the days from the prior year, plus 1/6 of the days from the year before that. If the weighted total equals or exceeds 183 days, you are considered a US resident for tax purposes. Certain exemptions apply for teachers, students, and individuals with closer connections to a foreign country.

What Your Results Mean

If your weighted total is 183 days or more, you must file US taxes as a resident alien and report your worldwide income. A score between 120-182 days means you are approaching the threshold and should monitor your days carefully. Below 120 days means you are a non-resident alien and only need to report US-source income. Certain exceptions can exempt you even if you exceed 183 days, such as having a closer connection to another country under a tax treaty.